Version prof → LLCER anglais · Lycée général · 1re · Première

Séquence 1 · Visions and dreams: Coleridge and the creative imagination

Is the poet a dreamer who records visions, or a maker who creates worlds?

Repères pour le professeur

Voie · niveauLycée général · Première
DisciplineLLCER anglais
Programme officielProgramme d'enseignement de spécialité de langues, littératures et cultures étrangères (anglais) de la classe de première générale, BO spécial n°1 du 22 janvier 2019 : thématiques « Imaginaires » et « Rencontres » ; niveau attendu en fin de première : B2.
Place dans le programmeProgramme de spécialité LLCER anglais de première générale (BO spécial n°1 du 22 janvier 2019), thématique « Imaginaires », axe 1 « L'imagination créatrice et visionnaire » · B1+ → B2
Durée totale2 séances + 1 évaluation ≈ 3 h 05
ModalitéEnseignement à distance : classe virtuelle + travail autonome + rendu sur l'ENT

Objectifs et capacités

Objectifs

Capacités travaillées (BO)

Notions, lexique et outils d'analyse

Romanticism, the sublime, visionimagination vs fancy (Coleridge)fragment, preface, framingsound patterns: alliteration, assonance, internal rhymeiambic tetrameter

Repères culturels

Ressources de la séquence

Ancrage dans le programme, notions, repères, débats, bibliographie et différenciation, communs à toutes les séances.

Ancrage dans le programme officiel

Axe 1, « L'imagination créatrice et visionnaire » : « Cet axe s'intéresse aux capacités de l'imaginaire à s'émanciper des règles du réel, que ce soit en inventant des mondes extraordinaires » ; « en donnant forme à des visions oniriques (A Midsummer Night's Dream de Shakespeare, poésie visionnaire de Coleridge, œuvres picturales de William Blake, de Henry Fuseli ou des préraphaélites) ».

Organisation : « L'étude des deux thématiques est obligatoire mais les axes d'étude ne sont proposés qu'à titre indicatif et ne sont en rien limitatifs. » « Deux œuvres littéraires intégrales (court roman, nouvelles ou pièce de théâtre), à raison d'une œuvre par thématique, auxquelles pourra être ajoutée une œuvre filmique, devront être lues et étudiées pendant l'année » ; les extraits proposés ici accompagnent l'œuvre intégrale choisie dans le programme limitatif.

Niveau : « le niveau attendu en fin de première est B2 » ; « en fin de terminale, le niveau C1 est visé ».

Notions : définitions rigoureuses

Imagination (Coleridge)
Primary imagination: the power of perception itself; secondary imagination: the poet's conscious power which « dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create ».
Fancy
A lesser faculty which combines ready-made images, « a mode of Memory ».
Fragment
An unfinished work presented as such; the Romantics turned incompleteness into an aesthetic value.
Sublime
Mixture of awe and fear before what exceeds human measure (« caverns measureless to man »).
Iambic tetrameter
Line of four iambs (da-DUM ×4): « In Xan/a-du/ did Ku/bla Khan ».
Framing
The prose preface frames the poem and shapes how we read it.

Repères

DateÉvénement
1797Coleridge says he composed the poem after reading Purchas's Pilgrimage.
1798Coleridge and Wordsworth, Lyrical Ballads.
1816Publication of « Kubla Khan », with the preface, at the urging of Lord Byron.
1817Biographia Literaria: the theory of imagination.

Les historiens en débat

The preface has long been read as a true record of a dream; scholars (John Livingston Lowes, The Road to Xanadu, 1927) traced the poem's images to Coleridge's reading, and some critics see the « person from Porlock » as a literary fiction that excuses the fragment. The poem is now read as a meditation on the conditions of creation: the poet loses the vision and dreams of rebuilding it in song. Synthèse du professeur.

Pour aller plus loin

Sources et bibliographie

Différenciation : un rythme de travail différent

Déroulé d'ensemble

SéanceTitreDuréeObjectif
Séance 1In Xanadu: a dream turned into a poem65 minlire un poème visionnaire et analyser ses images et ses sons
Séance 2Imagination or fancy? The poet as a maker65 mincomprendre la théorie de l'imagination de Coleridge et l'appliquer au poème
ÉvaluationÉvaluation de fin de séquence (/20)55 minVérifier les acquis : connaissances, capacités, rédaction

Chaque séance dure environ 55 minutes à distance : lancement en classe virtuelle ou par message sur l'ENT, lecture du texte en anglais, questions de compréhension et d'analyse, courte production écrite ou orale (enregistrée), mise en commun et trace écrite. Les élèves renvoient la fiche à trous et leurs productions par l'ENT ou en photo.

Séance 1 · In Xanadu: a dream turned into a poem

65 min

Séance approfondie : cours développé, documents sourcés, activités exigeantes, corrigés et barème.

Problématique de la séance

How does the poem make us see a world that never existed?

Déroulé minuté à distance

Le cours développé (récit du professeur) · A visionary poem

« Kubla Khan » was published in 1816 with a prose preface in which Coleridge, speaking of himself as « the Author », claims he composed two or three hundred lines in a dream, then lost most of them when « a person on business from Porlock » interrupted him. The poem is therefore presented as a fragment. Its first stanza builds a paradise (gardens, incense, « sunny spots of greenery ») enclosed by walls; the second opens a savage chasm, a « mighty fountain » and « Ancestral voices prophesying war ». The music of the lines (alliteration « measureless to man », « mazy motion »; rhymes; tetrameter) makes the vision almost hypnotic.

Document 1 · Coleridge, « Kubla Khan » (1816), lines 1 to 11

Poem, 1816 (public domain).

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan A stately pleasure-dome decree: Where Alph, the sacred river, ran Through caverns measureless to man Down to a sunless sea. So twice five miles of fertile ground With walls and towers were girdled round; And here were gardens bright with sinuous rills Where blossom'd many an incense-bearing tree; And here were forests ancient as the hills, And folding sunny spots of greenery.

Source : S. T. Coleridge, « Kubla Khan », 1816 (full text on Wikisource).

Document 2 · Coleridge, preface to « Kubla Khan » (extract)

Prose preface, 1816 (public domain).

The author continued for about three hours in a profound sleep, at least of the external senses, during which time he has the most vivid confidence, that he could not have composed less than from two to three hundred lines […] At this moment he was unfortunately called out by a person on business from Porlock, and detained by him above an hour, and on his return to his room, found to his no small surprise and mortification, that though he still retained some vague and dim recollection of the general purpose of the vision, yet, with the exception of some eight or ten scattered lines and images, all the rest had passed away like the images on the surface of a stream into which a stone has been cast

Source : S. T. Coleridge, preface to « Kubla Khan », 1816 (full text on Wikisource).

Activité 1 · Understand

12 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents 1 and 2

Consigne :

Read the two documents and answer in English.

  1. What did Kubla Khan order, and where?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    A « stately pleasure-dome » in Xanadu, beside the sacred river Alph, within « twice five miles of fertile ground » enclosed by walls and towers.

  2. According to the preface, how was the poem composed?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    During « about three hours in a profound sleep »: the lines came without effort; he wrote them down on waking.

  3. Why is the poem a fragment?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    A visitor « from Porlock » kept him for an hour; afterwards only « some eight or ten scattered lines and images » remained.

Critère de réussitePoints
Comprehension6
Total de l'activité6

Activité 2 · Analyse

18 min
Essentiel

Supports : Document 1

Consigne :

Find and analyse the sound effects and images of the first stanza.

  1. Find two alliterations and say what they suggest.
    ✔ Corrigé :

    « measureless to man » (the m sound slows the line: vastness), « sunless sea » (darkness, silence); also « gardens bright ».

  2. Which words create a paradise, which ones a threat?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    Paradise: « gardens bright », « incense-bearing tree », « sunny spots of greenery »; threat: « caverns measureless », « sunless sea ».

  3. What does the enclosure (« walls and towers ») suggest?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    Power and control: the Khan tries to master nature, but the river runs through spaces beyond human measure.

Critère de réussitePoints
Analysis7
Total de l'activité7

Activité 3 · Speak

15 min
Travail à rendre

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Record a 2-minute oral reading of lines 1 to 11, then explain in 1 minute which image you find most striking and why.

✔ Corrigé rédigé :

Criteria: accurate pronunciation and rhythm (four beats per line), expressive reading; justified personal response with a quotation; fluency.

Critère de réussitePoints
Oral production7
Total de l'activité7

Trace écrite (à faire recopier ou à déposer sur l'ENT)

« Kubla Khan » is presented as a fragment of a dream poem. Xanadu combines a paradise (gardens, sunny dome) and the sublime (caverns « measureless to man »). Coleridge uses alliteration and tetrameter to make the vision musical.

Barème récapitulatif des activités notées

ActivitéPoints
Activité 1 · Understand6
Activité 2 · Analyse7
Activité 3 · Speak7
Total20 / 20

Séance 2 · Imagination or fancy? The poet as a maker

65 min

Séance approfondie : cours développé, documents sourcés, activités exigeantes, corrigés et barème.

Problématique de la séance

What is the difference between inventing and creating?

Déroulé minuté à distance

Le cours développé (récit du professeur) · Coleridge's theory of imagination

In Biographia Literaria (1817, chapter 13) Coleridge distinguishes three powers. The primary imagination is the living power of all perception, a human « repetition » of divine creation. The secondary imagination, the poet's power, works with the conscious will: it « dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create », it seeks to unify. Fancy is only a form of memory: it combines « fixities and definites » already given. The end of « Kubla Khan » illustrates this: the poet longs to « revive » the song of the Abyssinian maid in order to « build that dome in air », and becomes a figure of sacred terror: « Beware! Beware! »

Document 1 · Coleridge, « Kubla Khan », final lines

Poem, 1816 (public domain).

A damsel with a dulcimer In a vision once I saw: It was an Abyssinian maid And on her dulcimer she play'd, Singing of Mount Abora, Could I revive within me Her symphony and song, To such a deep delight 'twould win me, That with music loud and long, I would build that dome in air, That sunny dome! those caves of ice! And all who heard should see them there, And all should cry, Beware! Beware! His flashing eyes, his floating hair! Weave a circle round him thrice, And close your eyes with holy dread: For he on honey-dew hath fed, And drank the milk of Paradise.

Source : S. T. Coleridge, « Kubla Khan », 1816 (full text on Wikisource).

Document 2 · Coleridge, Biographia Literaria, chapter 13 (extract)

Critical prose, 1817 (public domain).

The imagination then I consider either as primary, or secondary. The primary imagination I hold to be the living Power and prime Agent of all human Perception, and as a repetition in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation in the infinite I am. The secondary I consider as an echo of the former, co-existing with the conscious will, yet still as identical with the primary in the kind of its agency, and differing only in degree, and in the mode of its operation. It dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create; or where this process is rendered impossible, yet still at all events it struggles to idealize and to unify. It is essentially vital, even as all objects (as objects) are essentially fixed and dead. Fancy, on the contrary, has no other counters to play with, but fixities and definites. The Fancy is indeed no other than a mode of Memory emancipated from the order of time and space

Source : S. T. Coleridge, Biographia Literaria, vol. 1, ch. 13, 1817 (full text on Wikisource).

Activité 1 · Understand

12 min
Essentiel

Supports : Document 2

Consigne :

Read the extract and answer in English.

  1. What is the primary imagination?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    « the living Power and prime Agent of all human Perception », a finite repetition of divine creation.

  2. What does the secondary imagination do?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    It « dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create » and « struggles to idealize and to unify ».

  3. Why is fancy inferior?
    ✔ Corrigé :

    It only plays with « fixities and definites »; it is « a mode of Memory »: it combines, it does not create.

Critère de réussitePoints
Comprehension6
Total de l'activité6

Activité 2 · Interpret

18 min
Approfondissement

Supports : Documents 1 and 2

Consigne :

Write a paragraph (about 150 words): « In the final lines of the poem, is the poet a man of imagination or of fancy? »

✔ Corrigé rédigé :

Imagination: he wants to « revive » a song and « build that dome in air », re-creating the vision in music; the poem transforms Purchas's sentence into a new world; the inspired poet (« flashing eyes ») is sacred and frightening; fancy would only have copied the source. Quotations integrated, connectors, correct English.

Critère de réussitePoints
Written production8
Total de l'activité8

Activité 3 · Translate

15 min
Travail à rendre

Supports : Document 1

Consigne :

Translate into French the lines « Could I revive within me … I would build that dome in air ».

✔ Corrigé rédigé :

Exemple : « Si je pouvais faire revivre en moi / Sa symphonie et son chant, / Il me viendrait un si profond délice / Qu'avec une musique forte et longue, / Je bâtirais ce dôme dans les airs ». Conditionnel bien rendu, lexique juste.

Critère de réussitePoints
Translation6
Total de l'activité6

Trace écrite (à faire recopier ou à déposer sur l'ENT)

Coleridge distinguishes the primary imagination (perception), the secondary imagination which « dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create », and fancy, a mode of memory which only combines what is given.

Barème récapitulatif des activités notées

ActivitéPoints
Activité 1 · Understand6
Activité 2 · Interpret8
Activité 3 · Translate6
Total20 / 20

Fiche à trous · corrigé

Coleridge says the poem came to him in a dream / vision; a visitor from Porlock interrupted him.

For Coleridge, the secondary imagination « dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create ».

Fancy only plays with « fixities and definites »: it combines ready-made images, like memory.

La version élève contient la même fiche avec une banque de mots (papier ou ENT).

Évaluation de fin de séquence (/20) · barème et corrigé

Évaluation sur 20 en temps limité, sur le modèle de l'épreuve de Terminale : une synthèse guidée en anglais et une traduction d'un court passage (à l'examen, synthèse sur 16 points et traduction sur 4 points), complétées en Première par une question d'analyse. Le corrigé et les critères servent aussi pour l'autoévaluation.

N°QuestionBarèmeCorrigé et critères
1Analysis (in English, about 120 words): how does Coleridge make Xanadu both a paradise and a threatening place? Quote three phrases.6 ptsParadise: « gardens bright with sinuous rills », « incense-bearing tree », « sunny pleasure-dome »; threat: « caverns measureless to man », « sunless sea », « savage place », « Ancestral voices prophesying war »; the contrast (sunny dome / caves of ice) creates the sublime. Accurate quotations, clear analysis, correct English.
2Synthèse guidée (about 250 words, in English): « Using the poem, the preface and the extract from *Biographia Literaria*, explain how Coleridge sees poetic creation. » Guiding questions: Where do the images come from? What is lost? What power does the poet claim at the end of the poem?10 ptsImages from a dream (preface) but the poem stages a conscious maker (« I would build that dome in air »); the lost vision (« passed away like the images on the surface of a stream ») makes the poem a fragment; Biographia: the secondary imagination « dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create », whereas fancy only recombines; final image of the inspired poet, feared and sacred. Organisation, connectors, documents linked.
3Traduction : translate into French the first five lines of the poem (« In Xanadu did Kubla Khan … Down to a sunless sea. »).4 ptsExemple : « À Xanadu, Kubla Khan fit décréter / Un majestueux palais de plaisir : / Là où Alph, le fleuve sacré, courait / À travers des cavernes que l'homme ne peut mesurer / Jusqu'à une mer sans soleil. » Sens exact, « decree » bien rendu, syntaxe française correcte.
Total20 pts

Pistes pour un rythme de travail différent