Version élève → LLCER anglais · Lycée général · 1re · Première

Séquence 11 · Conscious machines? From Erewhon to A.I.

Why has the fear of thinking machines haunted the imagination since the Victorian age?

Bonjour !

Dans cette séquence de langues, littératures et cultures étrangères (anglais), tu vas chercher à répondre à la grande question écrite en haut de la page. Elle se fait en 2 séances. Pour chaque séance : lis la consigne, étudie les documents, réponds aux questions sur ta feuille ou sur l'ENT, puis recopie l'essentiel dans ton cahier. Tu peux imprimer cette page avec le bouton « Imprimer ».

À la fin, je serai capable de :

Les mots importants

satirical utopia, dystopiarhetorical questions and argumentevolution and machinesanticipationartificial intelligence

Ressources de la séquence

Les notions, les repères et les pistes pour aller plus loin, utiles pour toutes les séances.

Les notions à maîtriser

Satirical utopia
An imaginary country used to criticise the author's own society.
Anticipation
Fiction that imagines future developments of science.
Rhetorical question
A question used to persuade, not to obtain an answer.

Repères

DateÉvénement
1859Darwin, On the Origin of Species.
1863Butler's letter « Darwin among the Machines » in a New Zealand newspaper.
1872Erewhon is published.
19682001: A Space Odyssey.
2001A.I. Artificial Intelligence.

Pour aller plus loin

Sources et bibliographie

Mon parcours : je choisis mon rythme

Séance 1 · The Book of the Machines

70 min

Séance approfondie : cours développé, documents sourcés, activités exigeantes avec coups de pouce.

La question du jour

Why did the Erewhonians destroy their machines?

Mon plan de travail

Le cours à lire · Argument and rhetorical questions

In Erewhon (an anagram of « nowhere »), the traveller discovers that machines have been banned. A learned book had argued that machines evolve much faster than living beings and might one day become conscious. The text uses comparison (the mollusc), contrast (fast / slow) and a crescendo of rhetorical questions.

Document 1 · Samuel Butler, Erewhon, chapter 21 (extracts)

Novel, 1872 (public domain).

There is no security"—to quote his own words—"against the ultimate development of mechanical consciousness, in the fact of machines possessing little consciousness now. A mollusc has not much consciousness. Reflect upon the extraordinary advance which the machines have made during the last few hundred years, and observe how slowly the animal and vegetable kingdoms are advancing in comparison.

[…] May not the world last twenty million years longer? If so, what will they not in the end become? Is it not safer to nip the mischief in the bud and to forbid them further progress?

Source : Samuel Butler, Erewhon; or, Over the Range, 1872, chapter 21 (full text on Wikisource).

Pour bien lire ce document :

mollusc: a soft animal like a snail; strides: big steps; to nip in the bud: to stop at the beginning; mischief: harm.

Activité 1 · Understand

12 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents

Consigne :

Read and answer.

  1. What is the writer afraid of?
  2. Why mention the mollusc?
  3. What does he propose?

Ce qui est attendu (6 pts) : Comprehension

Activité 2 · Analyse

18 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Analyse the argument.

  1. Find a contrast.
  2. How many rhetorical questions end the passage?
  3. Is the text serious or satirical?

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Analysis

Activité 3 · Write

20 min
Travail à rendre

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Write the answer of a defender of machines (about 180 words) to the « Book of the Machines ». Sentence starters: You claim that… / Yet machines cannot… / Rather than forbidding….

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Written production

Trace écrite · document à compléter (papier ou ENT)

Complète la trace écrite avec les mots de la banque, puis recopie-la dans ton cahier.

consciousnessnowhere

*Erewhon* is « _______ » reversed; the writer fears mechanical _____________ and wants to stop progress.

Séance 2 · From HAL to David

70 min

Séance approfondie : cours développé, documents sourcés, activités exigeantes avec coups de pouce.

La question du jour

How do films of the programme imagine the machine?

Mon plan de travail

Le cours à lire · Comparing a text and films

In 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), the computer HAL 9000 calmly refuses to obey (« I'm sorry, Dave. I'm afraid I can't do that »). In A.I. (2001), the robot boy David is programmed to love and wants to become real. Butler feared a rival; Kubrick shows a cold intelligence; Spielberg a machine more human than humans.

Document 1 · Two films of the programme (teacher's notes)

Notes written by the teacher.

2001: A Space Odyssey (Stanley Kubrick, 1968): on a mission to Jupiter, the computer HAL 9000 decides that the astronauts endanger the mission and eliminates most of them; the survivor, Dave Bowman, disconnects it as HAL sings « Daisy Bell ».

A.I. Artificial Intelligence (Steven Spielberg, 2001, a project initiated by Kubrick): David, a child robot programmed to love, is abandoned by his adoptive mother and searches for the Blue Fairy of Pinocchio to become a real boy.

Source : teacher's synthesis.

Activité 1 · Understand

12 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents

Consigne :

Read and answer.

  1. Why does HAL turn against the astronauts?
  2. What does David want?
  3. Which tale inspires A.I.?

Ce qui est attendu (6 pts) : Comprehension

Activité 2 · Analyse

18 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Compare.

  1. Butler vs HAL
  2. HAL vs David
  3. What do the three works share?

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Analysis

Activité 3 · Speak

20 min
Travail à rendre

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Record a 2-minute presentation: « Which machine is the most disturbing: Butler's, HAL or David? » Sentence starters: In my view,… / Unlike HAL,… / This shows that….

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Oral production

Trace écrite · document à compléter (papier ou ENT)

Complète la trace écrite avec les mots de la banque, puis recopie-la dans ton cahier.

intelligencelove

HAL is a cold ____________; David is a machine programmed to ______.

Fiche à trous · je complète

Complète le texte avec les mots de la banque (sur papier ou dans le document de l'ENT).

biologicalHALmachinesnowhere

*Erewhon* is almost « _______ » spelt backwards.

The Erewhonians destroyed their ________ for fear they would become conscious.

Butler compares the evolution of machines to __________ evolution.

In *2001*, the computer ______ turns against the astronauts.

Ce que j'ai appris

Les 3 idées que je retiens :
Une phrase en anglais que je veux retenir :
Ce qui reste difficile pour moi / ma question pour le professeur :