Version élève → LLCER anglais · Lycée général · Tle · Terminale

Séquence 12 · Writing one's own legend: Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography

How does Franklin turn his life into a model, and himself into a character?

Bonjour !

Dans cette séquence de langues, littératures et cultures étrangères (anglais), tu vas chercher à répondre à la grande question écrite en haut de la page. Elle se fait en 2 séances. Pour chaque séance : lis la consigne, étudie les documents, réponds aux questions sur ta feuille ou sur l'ENT, puis recopie l'essentiel dans ton cahier. Tu peux imprimer cette page avec le bouton « Imprimer ».

À la fin, je serai capable de :

Les mots importants

autobiography, memoirself-made man, American Dreamaddressee, didactic purposeself-irony, vanitylife as a book (« second edition »)

Ressources de la séquence

Les notions, les repères et les pistes pour aller plus loin, utiles pour toutes les séances.

Les notions à maîtriser

Self-made man
A person who rises from poverty through work and merit; Franklin is its American archetype.
Autobiographical pact
Philippe Lejeune's term: author, narrator and main character are the same person.
Self-irony
Laughing at oneself: Franklin admits his vanity.

Repères

DateÉvénement
1706Birth of Franklin in Boston, the fifteenth of seventeen children.
1771He begins his memoirs in England, addressed to his son William.
1776He helps draft and signs the Declaration of Independence.
1790Death of Franklin in Philadelphia.
1868First complete edition of the original manuscript in English (John Bigelow).

Pour aller plus loin

Sources et bibliographie

Mon parcours : je choisis mon rythme

Séance 1 · « Fit to be imitated »

70 min

Séance approfondie : cours développé, documents sourcés, activités exigeantes avec coups de pouce.

La question du jour

Why does Franklin write his life?

Mon plan de travail

Le cours à lire · Autobiography and model

Franklin begins with a letter to his son (« Dear Son »). He presents his life as a social ascent, from « poverty and obscurity » to « affluence ». The aim is didactic: his methods are « fit to be imitated ». He builds the figure of the self-made man, which became a model of the American Dream.

Document 1 · Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography (opening)

Memoir, begun 1771 (public domain).

Having emerged from the poverty and obscurity in which I was born and bred, to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world, and having gone so far through life with a considerable share of felicity, the conducing means I made use of, which with the blessing of God so well succeeded, my posterity may like to know, as they may find some of them suitable to their own situations, and therefore fit to be imitated.

Source : Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography, section one (full text on Wikisource).

Pour bien lire ce document :

obscurity: being unknown; affluence: wealth; felicity: happiness; conducing means: methods that led to it; posterity: future generations.

Activité 1 · Understand

12 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents

Consigne :

Read and answer.

  1. What was Franklin's situation at birth?
  2. What has he reached?
  3. Why should his posterity read him?

Ce qui est attendu (6 pts) : Comprehension

Activité 2 · Analyse

18 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Analyse.

  1. How is the sentence built?
  2. Which image of himself does he give?
  3. Why is this a « mise en scène de soi »?

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Analysis

Activité 3 · Write

20 min
Travail à rendre

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Write the opening (about 150 words) of the autobiography of an invented character who wants to be a model. Sentence starters: I was born… / If I write these pages,… / May my readers….

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Written production

Trace écrite · document à compléter (papier ou ENT)

Complète la trace écrite avec les mots de la banque, puis recopie-la dans ton cahier.

modelpoverty

Franklin rises from _______ to affluence and offers his life as a ______.

Séance 2 · A second edition of life

70 min

Séance approfondie : cours développé, documents sourcés, activités exigeantes avec coups de pouce.

La question du jour

Is Franklin sincere?

Mon plan de travail

Le cours à lire · Self-irony

Franklin compares life to a book: he would like a « second Edition » to correct its « Faults ». Writing is the next best thing: « living one's Life over again ». He then confesses, with humour, that he writes to gratify his vanity. Self-irony makes the portrait more credible and more charming.

Document 1 · Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography (opening, continued)

Memoir, begun 1771 (public domain).

That Felicity, when I reflected on it, has induc’d me sometimes to say, that were it offer’d to my Choice, I should have no Objection to a Repetition of the same Life from its Beginning, only asking the Advantages Authors have in a second Edition to correct some Faults of the first.

[…] And lastly, (I may as well confess it, since my Denial of it will be believ’d by nobody) perhaps I shall a good deal gratify my own Vanity.

Source : Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography, section one (full text on Wikisource).

Pour bien lire ce document :

induc'd: led; Repetition: doing again; gratify: satisfy; Vanity: excessive pride in oneself.

Activité 1 · Understand

12 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents

Consigne :

Read and answer.

  1. What would Franklin accept?
  2. What would he ask for?
  3. What does he confess?

Ce qui est attendu (6 pts) : Comprehension

Activité 2 · Analyse

18 min
Essentiel

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Analyse.

  1. Explain the metaphor of the second edition.
  2. Why confess vanity?
  3. How does the parenthesis work?

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Analysis

Activité 3 · Speak

20 min
Travail à rendre

Supports : Documents and lesson

Consigne :

Record a 2-minute presentation: « Franklin's self-portrait: sincere confession or clever strategy? » Sentence starters: On the one hand,… / On the other hand,… / I believe that….

Ce qui est attendu (7 pts) : Oral production

Trace écrite · document à compléter (papier ou ENT)

Complète la trace écrite avec les mots de la banque, puis recopie-la dans ton cahier.

bookvanity

Franklin compares life to a ______ and admits his ______ with humour.

Fiche à trous · je complète

Complète le texte avec les mots de la banque (sur papier ou dans le document de l'ENT).

Editionobscuritysonvanity

Franklin addresses his autobiography to his ______.

He went from poverty and _________ to affluence.

He would like a « second _______ » of his life to correct its faults.

He confesses that writing will gratify his ______.

Ce que j'ai appris

Les 3 idées que je retiens :
Une phrase en anglais que je veux retenir :
Ce qui reste difficile pour moi / ma question pour le professeur :